std::ranges::count，std::ranges::count_if

 

C++

编译器支持

独立和托管

语言

标准库

标准库头文件

命名需求

功能测试宏 (C++20)

语言支持库

概念库 (C++20)

元编程库 (C++11)

诊断库

通用工具库

字符串库

容器库

迭代器库

范围库 (C++20)

算法库

数值库

本地化库

输入/输出库

文件系统库 (C++17)

正则表达式库 (C++11)

并发支持库 (C++11)

执行支持库 (C++26)

技术规范

符号索引

外部库

 

算法库

受限算法和范围上的算法 (C++20)
受限算法，例如 ranges::copy，ranges::sort，...
执行策略 (C++17)
is_execution_policy (C++17)   execution::seqexecution::parexecution::par_unseqexecution::unseq (C++17)    (C++17)(C++17)(C++20)	execution::sequenced_policyexecution::parallel_policyexecution::parallel_unsequenced_policyexecution::parallel_unsequenced (C++17)(C++17)(C++17)(C++20)
非修改序列操作 批量操作 for_each for_each_n (C++17) 搜索操作 all_ofany_ofnone_of (C++11)                (C++11)(C++11) countcount_if mismatch equal findfind_iffind_if_not (C++11) find_end find_first_of adjacent_find search search_n 修改序列操作 复制操作 copycopy_if (C++11) copy_backward copy_n (C++11) move (C++11) move_backward (C++11) 交换操作 swap iter_swap swap_ranges 变换操作 replacereplace_if transform replace_copyreplace_copy_if 生成操作 fill fill_n generate generate_n 移除操作 removeremove_if unique remove_copyremove_copy_if unique_copy 排序操作 reverse reverse_copy rotate rotate_copy random_shuffleshuffle (直到 C++17)(C++11) shift_leftshift_right (C++20)(C++20) 采样操作 sample (C++17)	排序和相关操作 分区操作 partition partition_copy (C++11)   stable_partition is_partitioned (C++11) partition_point (C++11) 排序操作 sort stable_sort partial_sort partial_sort_copy is_sorted (C++11) is_sorted_until (C++11) nth_element 二分搜索操作 (在分区范围内) lower_bound upper_bound equal_range binary_search 集合操作（在排序范围内） includes set_union set_intersection set_difference set_symmetric_difference 合并操作（在排序范围内） merge inplace_merge 堆操作 push_heap pop_heap make_heap sort_heap is_heap (C++11) is_heap_until (C++11) 最小/最大操作 max min minmax (C++11) clamp (C++17) max_element min_element minmax_element (C++11) 字典序比较操作 lexicographical_compare lexicographical_compare_three_way (C++20) 排列操作 next_permutation prev_permutation is_permutation (C++11) C 库 qsort bsearch
数值操作
iota (C++11) inner_product adjacent_difference    accumulate reduce (C++17) transform_reduce (C++17)	partial_sum inclusive_scan (C++17)    exclusive_scan (C++17) transform_inclusive_scan (C++17) transform_exclusive_scan (C++17)
未初始化内存操作
uninitialized_copy uninitialized_move (C++17)    uninitialized_fill uninitialized_copy_n (C++11) uninitialized_move_n (C++17) uninitialized_fill_n	destroy (C++17) destroy_n (C++17) destroy_at (C++17) construct_at (C++20)       uninitialized_default_construct (C++17) uninitialized_value_construct (C++17) uninitialized_default_construct_n (C++17) uninitialized_value_construct_n (C++17)

 

受限算法

此菜单中的所有名称都属于命名空间 std::ranges

非修改序列操作

all_ofany_ofnone_of for_each for_each_n    countcount_if adjacent_find mismatch equal lexicographical_compare    containscontains_subrange (C++23)(C++23) findfind_iffind_if_not find_lastfind_last_iffind_last_if_not (C++23)(C++23)(C++23)   find_end find_first_of search search_n starts_with (C++23) ends_with (C++23)

修改序列操作

copycopy_if copy_n copy_backward    move move_backward shift_leftshift_right (C++23)(C++23)   fill fill_n generate generate_n    transform swap_ranges    shuffle sample removeremove_if replacereplace_if reverse rotate remove_copyremove_copy_if    unique replace_copyreplace_copy_if reverse_copy rotate_copy unique_copy

分区操作

is_partitioned    partition_point    partition    partition_copy    stable_partition

排序操作

is_sorted is_sorted_until     sort stable_sort         partial_sort       nth_element partial_sort_copy

二分搜索操作（在排序范围内）

lower_bound         upper_bound         binary_search      equal_range

集合操作（在排序范围内）

merge inplace_merge       set_difference set_intersection    set_union          includes set_symmetric_difference

堆操作

is_heap is_heap_until       make_heap           sort_heap push_heap pop_heap

最小/最大操作

max max_element         min min_element         minmax minmax_element     clamp

排列操作

is_permutation      next_permutation    prev_permutation

折叠操作

fold_left (C++23) fold_left_first (C++23)   fold_right (C++23) fold_right_last (C++23)   fold_left_with_iter (C++23) fold_left_first_with_iter (C++23)

数值操作 iota (C++23)             随机数生成 generate_random (C++26)

未初始化存储操作

construct_at    destroy destroy_n destroy_at uninitialized_copy    uninitialized_move uninitialized_fill uninitialized_copy_n    uninitialized_move_n uninitialized_fill_n uninitialized_default_construct uninitialized_default_construct_n uninitialized_value_construct uninitialized_value_construct_n

返回类型

in_fun_result in_in_result in_found_result    in_out_result in_in_out_result    in_out_out_result    min_max_result out_value_result (C++23) in_value_result (C++23)

 

在头文件中定义 <algorithm>
调用签名
	(1)
template< std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S,           class T, class Proj = std::identity > requires std::indirect_binary_predicate              <ranges::equal_to, std::projected<I, Proj>, const T*> constexpr std::iter_difference_t<I>     count( I first, S last, const T& value, Proj proj = {} );			(自 C++20 起) (直到 C++26)
template< std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S,           class Proj = std::identity,           class T = std::projected_value_t<I, Proj> > requires std::indirect_binary_predicate              <ranges::equal_to, std::projected<I, Proj>, const T*> constexpr std::iter_difference_t<I>     count( I first, S last, const T& value, Proj proj = {} );			(自 C++26 起)
		(2)
template< ranges::input_range R, class T, class Proj = std::identity > requires std::indirect_binary_predicate              <ranges::equal_to,               std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>, const T*> constexpr ranges::range_difference_t<R>     count( R&& r, const T& value, Proj proj = {} );				(自 C++20 起) (直到 C++26)
template< ranges::input_range R, class Proj = std::identity,           class T = std::projected_value_t<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj> > requires std::indirect_binary_predicate              <ranges::equal_to,               std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>, const T*> constexpr ranges::range_difference_t<R>     count( R&& r, const T& value, Proj proj = {} );				(自 C++26 起)
template< std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S,           class Proj = std::identity,           std::indirect_unary_predicate<std::projected<I, Proj>> Pred > constexpr std::iter_difference_t<I>     count_if( I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {} );			(3)	(自 C++20 起)
template< ranges::input_range R, class Proj = std::identity,           std::indirect_unary_predicate<               std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred > constexpr ranges::range_difference_t<R>     count_if( R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {} );			(4)	(自 C++20 起)

返回范围内 [first, last) 满足特定条件的元素数量。

1) 统计等于 value 的元素。

3) 统计谓词 p 返回 true 的元素。

2,4) 与 (1,3) 相同，但使用 r 作为源范围，就像使用 ranges::begin(r) 作为 first 以及 ranges::end(r) 作为 last。

本页描述的函数式实体是 niebloids，也就是说

• 调用任何这些实体时，不能指定显式模板参数列表。
• 它们对 依赖于参数的查找 不可見。
• 当它们通过 普通无限定查找 作为函数调用运算符左侧的名称找到时，依赖于参数的查找 将被抑制。

在实践中，它们可能通过函数对象或使用特殊的编译器扩展来实现。

参数

first, last	-	要检查的元素范围
r	-	要检查的元素范围
value	-	要搜索的值
pred	-	要应用于投影元素的谓词
proj	-	要应用于元素的投影

返回值

满足条件的元素数量。

复杂度

正好 last - first 次比较和投影。

备注

有关范围中没有其他条件的元素数量，请参阅 std::ranges::distance。

功能测试 宏	值	Std	功能
__cpp_lib_algorithm_default_value_type	202403	(C++26)	算法的 列表初始化 (1,2)

可能的实现

count (1)
struct count_fn { template<std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = std::identity, class T = std::projected_value_t<I, Proj>> requires std::indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to, std::projected<I, Proj>, const T*> constexpr std::iter_difference_t<I> operator()(I first, S last, const T& value, Proj proj = {}) const { std::iter_difference_t<I> counter = 0; for (; first != last; ++first) if (std::invoke(proj, *first) == value) ++counter; return counter; }   template<ranges::input_range R, class Proj = std::identity class T = std::projected_value_t<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>> requires std::indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to, std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>, const T*> constexpr ranges::range_difference_t<R> operator()(R&& r, const T& value, Proj proj = {}) const { return (*this)(ranges::begin(r), ranges::end(r), value, std::ref(proj)); } };   inline constexpr count_fn count;
count_if (3)
struct count_if_fn { template<std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = std::identity, std::indirect_unary_predicate<std::projected<I, Proj>> Pred> constexpr std::iter_difference_t<I> operator()(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {}) const { std::iter_difference_t<I> counter = 0; for (; first != last; ++first) if (std::invoke(pred, std::invoke(proj, *first))) ++counter; return counter; }   template<ranges::input_range R, class Proj = std::identity, std::indirect_unary_predicate< std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred> constexpr ranges::range_difference_t<R> operator()(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {}) const { return (*this)(ranges::begin(r), ranges::end(r), std::ref(pred), std::ref(proj)); } };   inline constexpr count_if_fn count_if;

示例

运行此代码

#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <complex>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
 
int main()
{
    std::vector<int> v{1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10};
 
    namespace ranges = std::ranges;
 
    // determine how many integers in a std::vector match a target value.
    int target1 = 3;
    int target2 = 5;
    int num_items1 = ranges::count(v.begin(), v.end(), target1);
    int num_items2 = ranges::count(v, target2);
    std::cout << "number: " << target1 << " count: " << num_items1 << '\n';
    std::cout << "number: " << target2 << " count: " << num_items2 << '\n';
 
    // use a lambda expression to count elements divisible by 3.
    int num_items3 = ranges::count_if(v.begin(), v.end(), [](int i){ return i % 3 == 0; });
    std::cout << "number divisible by three: " << num_items3 << '\n';
 
    // use a lambda expression to count elements divisible by 11.
    int num_items11 = ranges::count_if(v, [](int i){ return i % 11 == 0; });
    std::cout << "number divisible by eleven: " << num_items11 << '\n';
 
    std::vector<std::complex<double>> nums{{4, 2}, {1, 3}, {4, 2}};
    #ifdef __cpp_lib_algorithm_default_value_type
        auto c = ranges::count(nums, {4, 2});
    #else
        auto c = ranges::count(nums, std::complex<double>{4, 2});
    #endif
    assert(c == 2);
}

输出

number: 3 count: 2
number: 5 count: 0
number divisible by three: 3
number divisible by eleven: 0

参见

ranges::distance (C++20)	返回迭代器与哨兵之间的距离，或范围的起始位置与结束位置之间的距离 (niebloid)
views::counted (C++20)	从迭代器和计数创建一个子范围 (自定义点对象)
ranges::filter_viewviews::filter (C++20)	一个 view，它包含满足谓词的 range 中的元素 (类模板) (范围适配器对象)
countcount_if	返回满足特定条件的元素数量 (函数模板)