std::identity

 

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语言支持 类型支持 (基本类型、RTTI) 库特性测试宏 (C++20) 动态内存管理 程序实用程序 协程支持 (C++20) 可变参数函数 is_constant_evaluated (C++20) is_within_lifetime (C++26) initializer_list (C++11) source_location (C++20) 调试支持 is_debugger_present (C++26) breakpoint_if_debugging (C++26) breakpoint (C++26) 三路比较 three_way_comparablethree_way_comparable_with (C++20)(C++20) strong_ordering (C++20) weak_ordering (C++20) partial_ordering (C++20) common_comparison_category (C++20) compare_three_way_result (C++20) compare_three_way (C++20) strong_order (C++20) weak_order (C++20) partial_order (C++20) compare_strong_order_fallback (C++20) compare_weak_order_fallback (C++20) compare_partial_order_fallback (C++20)    is_eqis_ltis_lteq (C++20)(C++20)(C++20) is_neqis_gtis_gteq (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)

通用实用程序 日期和时间 函数对象 格式化库 (C++20) bitset hash (C++11) 关系运算符 (C++20 中已弃用) rel_ops::operator!=rel_ops::operator>     rel_ops::operator<=rel_ops::operator>= 整数比较函数 cmp_equalcmp_lesscmp_less_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)    cmp_not_equalcmp_greatercmp_greater_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20) in_range (C++20) 交换 和 类型操作 swap ranges::swap (C++20) exchange (C++14) declval (C++11) to_underlying (C++23) forward (C++11) forward_like (C++23) move (C++11) move_if_noexcept (C++11) as_const (C++17) 通用词汇类型 pair tuple (C++11) optional (C++17) any (C++17) variant (C++17) tuple_size (C++11) tuple_element (C++11) apply (C++17) make_from_tuple (C++17) expected (C++23) 基本字符串转换 to_chars (C++17) from_chars (C++17) chars_format (C++17) to_chars_result (C++17) from_chars_result (C++17)

 

函数对象

函数包装器 function (C++11) move_only_function (C++23) copyable_function (C++26) function_ref (C++26) mem_fn (C++11) bad_function_call (C++11)	部分函数应用 bind_frontbind_back (C++20)(C++23) bind (C++11) is_bind_expression (C++11) is_placeholder (C++11) _1, _2, _3, ... (C++11)
函数调用 invokeinvoke_r (C++17)(C++23) 标识函数对象 identity (C++20)	引用包装器 reference_wrapper (C++11) refcref (C++11)(C++11) unwrap_referenceunwrap_ref_decay (C++20)(C++20)
运算符包装器 plus minus negate multiplies divides modulus bit_and bit_or bit_not (C++14)   bit_xor equal_to not_equal_to greater less greater_equal less_equal logical_and logical_or logical_not	透明运算符包装器 plus<> (C++14) minus<> (C++14) negate<> (C++14) multiplies<> (C++14)   divides<> (C++14) modulus<> (C++14) bit_and<> (C++14) bit_or<> (C++14) bit_not<> (C++14) bit_xor<> (C++14) equal_to<> (C++14) not_equal_to<> (C++14) greater<> (C++14) less<> (C++14) greater_equal<> (C++14) less_equal<> (C++14) logical_and<> (C++14) logical_or<> (C++14) logical_not<> (C++14)
否定器 not_fn (C++17) 搜索器 default_searcher (C++17) boyer_moore_searcher (C++17) boyer_moore_horspool_searcher (C++17)	约束比较器 ranges::equal_to (C++20) ranges::not_equal_to (C++20) ranges::greater (C++20) ranges::less (C++20) ranges::greater_equal (C++20) ranges::less_equal (C++20) compare_three_way (C++20)
旧绑定器和适配器
unary_function (直到 C++17*) binary_function (直到 C++17*) ptr_fun (直到 C++17*) pointer_to_unary_function (直到 C++17*) pointer_to_binary_function (直到 C++17*)   mem_fun (直到 C++17*) mem_fun_tmem_fun1_tconst_mem_fun_tconst_mem_fun1_t (直到 C++17*)(直到 C++17*)(直到 C++17*)(直到 C++17*) not1 (直到 C++20*) not2 (直到 C++20*)	binder1stbinder2nd (直到 C++17*)(直到 C++17*) bind1stbind2nd (直到 C++17*)(直到 C++17*) mem_fun_ref (直到 C++17*) mem_fun_ref_tmem_fun1_ref_tconst_mem_fun_ref_tconst_mem_fun1_ref_t (直到 C++17*)(直到 C++17*)(直到 C++17*)(直到 C++17*) unary_negate (直到 C++20*) binary_negate (直到 C++20*)

 

定义在头文件 <functional> 中
struct identity;		(自 C++20 起)

std::identity 是一个函数对象类型，其 operator() 返回其参数不变。

成员类型

类型	定义
is_transparent	未指定

成员函数

operator()

返回参数不变 (公共成员函数)

std::identity::operator()

template< class T > constexpr T&& operator()( T&& t ) const noexcept;

返回 std::forward<T>(t).

参数

t

-

要返回的参数

返回值

std::forward<T>(t).

注意

std::identity 充当 约束算法 中的默认投影。通常不需要直接使用它。

示例

运行此代码

#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <ranges>
#include <string>
 
struct Pair
{
    int n;
    std::string s;
    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Pair& p)
    {
        return os << '{' << p.n << ", " << p.s << '}';
    }
};
 
// A range-printer that can print projected (modified) elements of a range.
template<std::ranges::input_range R,
         typename Projection = std::identity> //<- Notice the default projection
void print(std::string_view const rem, R&& range, Projection projection = {})
{
    std::cout << rem << '{';
    std::ranges::for_each(
        range,
        [O = 0](const auto& o) mutable { std::cout << (O++ ? ", " : "") << o; },
        projection
    );
    std::cout << "}\n";
}
 
int main()
{
    const auto v = {Pair{1, "one"}, {2, "two"}, {3, "three"}};
 
    print("Print using std::identity as a projection: ", v);
    print("Project the Pair::n: ", v, &Pair::n);
    print("Project the Pair::s: ", v, &Pair::s);
    print("Print using custom closure as a projection: ", v,
        [](Pair const& p) { return std::to_string(p.n) + ':' + p.s; });
}

输出

Print using std::identity as a projection: {{1, one}, {2, two}, {3, three}}
Project the Pair::n: {1, 2, 3}
Project the Pair::s: {one, two, three}
Print using custom closure as a projection: {1:one, 2:two, 3:three}

另请参见

type_identity (C++20)

返回类型参数不变 (类模板)