标准库头文件 <string_view> (C++17)

 

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标准库头文件

语言支持
<cstddef> <cstdlib> <version> (C++20) <limits> <climits>	<cfloat> <cstdint> (C++11) <stdfloat> (C++23) <new> <typeinfo>	<source_location> (C++20) <exception> <initializer_list> (C++11) <compare> (C++20)	<coroutine> (C++20) <csignal> <csetjmp> <cstdarg>
概念
<concepts> (C++20)
诊断
<stdexcept> <stacktrace> (C++23)	<cassert>	<cerrno>	<system_error> (C++11)
内存管理
<memory>	<memory_resource> (C++17)	<scoped_allocator> (C++11)
元编程
<type_traits> (C++11)	<ratio> (C++11)
通用实用程序
<utility> <tuple> (C++11) <optional> (C++17) <variant> (C++17)	<any> (C++17) <debugging> (C++26) <expected> (C++23) <bitset>	<functional> <typeindex> (C++11) <execution> (C++17)	<charconv> (C++17) <format> (C++20) <bit> (C++20)
字符串
<string_view> (C++17) <string>	<cctype> <cwctype>	<cstring> <cwchar>	<cuchar> (C++11)
容器
<array> (C++11) <deque> <forward_list> (C++11) <list>	<vector> <map> <set> <unordered_map> (C++11)	<unordered_set> (C++11) <queue> <stack> <flat_map> (C++23)	<flat_set> (C++23) <span> (C++20) <mdspan> (C++23) <inplace_vector> (C++26)
迭代器
<iterator>
范围
<ranges> (C++20)	<generator> (C++23)
算法
<algorithm>	<numeric>
数值
<cfenv> (C++11) <complex>	<random> (C++11) <valarray>	<cmath> <linalg> (C++26)	<numbers> (C++20)
时间
<chrono> (C++11)	<ctime>
本地化
<locale>	<clocale>	<codecvt> (C++11/17/26*)	<text_encoding> (C++26)
输入/输出
<iosfwd> <iostream> <ios> <streambuf>	<istream> <ostream> <iomanip> <print> (C++23)	<sstream> <spanstream> (C++23) <fstream> <syncstream> (C++20)	<filesystem> (C++17) <cstdio> <cinttypes> (C++11) <strstream> (C++98/26*)
正则表达式
<regex> (C++11)
并发支持
<stop_token> (C++20) <thread> (C++11) <atomic> (C++11) <rcu> (C++26)	<stdatomic.h> (C++23) <mutex> (C++11) <shared_mutex> (C++14)	<condition_variable> (C++11)   <semaphore> (C++20) <latch> (C++20)	<barrier> (C++20) <future> (C++11) <hazard_pointer> (C++26)
C 兼容性
<cstdbool> (C++11/17/20*)   <ccomplex> (C++11/17/20*)	<ctgmath> (C++11/17/20*)	<cstdalign> (C++11/17/20*)	<ciso646> (直到 C++20)

 

此头文件是 字符串 库的一部分。

包含
<compare> (C++20)	三向比较运算符 支持
类
basic_string_view (C++17)	只读字符串视图 (类模板)
std::string_view (C++17)	std::basic_string_view<char>
std::u8string_view (C++20)	std::basic_string_view<char8_t>
std::u16string_view (C++17)	std::basic_string_view<char16_t>
std::u32string_view (C++17)	std::basic_string_view<char32_t>
std::wstring_view (C++17)	std::basic_string_view<wchar_t>
std::hash<std::string_view>std::hash<std::wstring_view>std::hash<std::u8string_view>std::hash<std::u16string_view>std::hash<std::u32string_view> (C++17)(C++17)(C++20)(C++17)(C++17)	字符串视图的哈希支持 (类模板特化)
前置声明
定义在头文件 <functional> 中
哈希 (C++11)	哈希函数对象 (类模板)
函数
operator==operator!=operator<operator>operator<=operator>=operator<=> (C++17)(C++20 中已移除)(C++20 中已移除)(C++20 中已移除)(C++20 中已移除)(C++20 中已移除)(C++20)	按字典顺序比较两个字符串视图 (函数模板)
operator<< (C++17)	对字符串视图执行流输出 (函数模板)
交换	交换两个对象的的值 (函数模板)
范围访问
begincbegin (C++11)(C++14)	返回指向容器或数组开头的迭代器 (函数模板)
endcend (C++11)(C++14)	返回指向容器或数组结尾的迭代器 (函数模板)
rbegincrbegin (C++14)	返回指向容器或数组开头的反向迭代器 (函数模板)
rendcrend (C++14)	返回容器或数组的反向结束迭代器 (函数模板)
sizessize (C++17)(C++20)	返回容器或数组的大小 (函数模板)
空 (C++17)	检查容器是否为空 (函数模板)
数据 (C++17)	获取指向底层数组的指针 (函数模板)
字面量
定义在内联命名空间 std::literals::string_view_literals 中
operator""sv (C++17)	创建字符数组字面量的字符串视图 (函数)

概述

#include <compare>
 
namespace std {
  // class template basic_string_view
  template<class CharT, class Traits = char_traits<CharT>>
  class basic_string_view;
 
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_view<basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>> = true;
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_borrowed_range<basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>> =
      true;
 
  // non-member comparison functions
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    constexpr bool operator==(basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> x,
                              basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> y) noexcept;
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    constexpr /* see description */
      operator<=>(basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> x,
                  basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> y) noexcept;
 
  // sufficient additional overloads of comparison functions
 
  // inserters and extractors
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>&
      operator<<(basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os,
                 basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> str);
 
  // basic_string_view typedef names
  using string_view    = basic_string_view<char>;
  using u8string_view  = basic_string_view<char8_t>;
  using u16string_view = basic_string_view<char16_t>;
  using u32string_view = basic_string_view<char32_t>;
  using wstring_view   = basic_string_view<wchar_t>;
 
  // hash support
  template<class T> struct hash;
  template<> struct hash<string_view>;
  template<> struct hash<u8string_view>;
  template<> struct hash<u16string_view>;
  template<> struct hash<u32string_view>;
  template<> struct hash<wstring_view>;
 
  inline namespace literals {
  inline namespace string_view_literals {
    // suffix for basic_string_view literals
    constexpr string_view    operator""sv(const char* str, size_t len) noexcept;
    constexpr u8string_view  operator""sv(const char8_t* str, size_t len) noexcept;
    constexpr u16string_view operator""sv(const char16_t* str, size_t len) noexcept;
    constexpr u32string_view operator""sv(const char32_t* str, size_t len) noexcept;
    constexpr wstring_view   operator""sv(const wchar_t* str, size_t len) noexcept;
  }
  }
}

类模板 std::basic_string_view

namespace std {
  template<class CharT, class Traits = char_traits<CharT>>
  class basic_string_view {
  public:
    // types
    using Traits_type            = Traits;
    using value_type             = CharT;
    using pointer                = value_type*;
    using const_pointer          = const value_type*;
    using reference              = value_type&;
    using const_reference        = const value_type&;
    using const_iterator         = /* implementation-defined */
    using iterator               = const_iterator;
    using const_reverse_iterator = reverse_iterator<const_iterator>;
    using reverse_iterator       = const_reverse_iterator;
    using size_type              = size_t;
    using difference_type        = ptrdiff_t;
    static constexpr size_type npos = size_type(-1);
 
    // construction and assignment
    constexpr basic_string_view() noexcept;
    constexpr basic_string_view(const basic_string_view&) noexcept = default;
    constexpr basic_string_view& operator=(const basic_string_view&) noexcept = default;
    constexpr basic_string_view(const CharT* str);
    constexpr basic_string_view(nullptr_t) = delete;
    constexpr basic_string_view(const CharT* str, size_type len);
    template<class It, class End>
      constexpr basic_string_view(It begin, End end);
    template<class R>
      constexpr explicit basic_string_view(R&& r);
 
    // iterator support
    constexpr const_iterator begin() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_iterator end() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_iterator cend() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept;
 
    // capacity
    constexpr size_type size() const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type length() const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type max_size() const noexcept;
    constexpr bool empty() const noexcept;
 
    // element access
    constexpr const_reference operator[](size_type pos) const;
    constexpr const_reference at(size_type pos) const;
    constexpr const_reference front() const;
    constexpr const_reference back() const;
    constexpr const_pointer data() const noexcept;
 
    // modifiers
    constexpr void remove_prefix(size_type n);
    constexpr void remove_suffix(size_type n);
    constexpr void swap(basic_string_view& s) noexcept;
 
    // string operations
    constexpr size_type copy(CharT* s, size_type n, size_type pos = 0) const;
 
    constexpr basic_string_view substr(size_type pos = 0, size_type n = npos) const;
 
    constexpr int compare(basic_string_view s) const noexcept;
    constexpr int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, basic_string_view s) const;
    constexpr int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, basic_string_view s,
                          size_type pos2, size_type n2) const;
    constexpr int compare(const CharT* s) const;
    constexpr int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const CharT* s) const;
    constexpr int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const CharT* s,
                          size_type n2) const;
 
    constexpr bool starts_with(basic_string_view x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool starts_with(CharT x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool starts_with(const CharT* x) const;
    constexpr bool ends_with(basic_string_view x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool ends_with(CharT x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool ends_with(const CharT* x) const;
 
    constexpr bool contains(basic_string_view x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool contains(CharT x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool contains(const CharT* x) const;
 
    // searching
    constexpr size_type find(basic_string_view s, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find(CharT c, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find(const CharT* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type find(const CharT* s, size_type pos = 0) const;
    constexpr size_type rfind(basic_string_view s, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type rfind(CharT c, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type rfind(const CharT* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type rfind(const CharT* s, size_type pos = npos) const;
 
    constexpr size_type find_first_of(basic_string_view s,
                                      size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_first_of(CharT c, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_first_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type find_first_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos = 0) const;
    constexpr size_type find_last_of(basic_string_view s,
                                     size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_last_of(CharT c, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_last_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type find_last_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos = npos) const;
    constexpr size_type find_first_not_of(basic_string_view s,
                                          size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_first_not_of(CharT c, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_first_not_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos,
                                          size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type find_first_not_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos = 0) const;
    constexpr size_type find_last_not_of(basic_string_view s,
                                       size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_last_not_of(CharT c, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_last_not_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos,
                                         size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type find_last_not_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos = npos) const;
 
  private:
    const_pointer data_;          // exposition only
    size_type size_;              // exposition only
  };
 
  // deduction guides
  template<class It, class End>
    basic_string_view(It, End) -> basic_string_view<iter_value_t<It>>;
 
  template<class R>
    basic_string_view(R&&) -> basic_string_view<ranges::range_value_t<R>>;
}