std::map<Key,T,Compare,Allocator>::begin, std::map<Key,T,Compare,Allocator>::cbegin

 

C++

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序列

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迭代器失效

成员函数表

非成员函数表

 

std::map

成员函数

map::map map::~map               map::operator= map::get_allocator

元素访问 map::at map::operator[] 迭代器 map::beginmap::cbegin (C++11) map::endmap::cend (C++11) map::rbeginmap::crbegin (C++11)      map::rendmap::crend (C++11) 容量 map::size map::max_size map::empty 观察者 map::key_comp map::value_comp 修改器 map::clear map::insert map::erase map::swap map::extract (C++17) map::merge (C++17) map::insert_range (C++23) map::insert_or_assign (C++17) map::emplace (C++11) map::emplace_hint (C++11) map::try_emplace (C++17) 查找 map::count map::find map::contains (C++20) map::equal_range map::lower_bound map::upper_bound

非成员函数

operator==operator<=> (C++20) std::swap(std::map) erase_if(std::map) (C++20)   operator!=operator<operator>operator<=operator>= (直到 C++20)(直到 C++20)(直到 C++20)(直到 C++20)(直到 C++20)

推导指南 (C++17)

 

iterator begin();	(1)	(自 C++11 起为 noexcept)
const_iterator begin() const;	(2)	(自 C++11 起为 noexcept)
const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept;	(3)	(自 C++11 起)

返回指向 map 的第一个元素的迭代器。

如果 map 为空，则返回的迭代器将等于 end()。

参数

(无)

返回值

指向第一个元素的迭代器。

复杂度

常数。

备注

libc++ 将 cbegin() 反向移植到 C++98 模式。

示例

运行此代码

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
 
int main()
{
    std::map<int, float> num_map;
    num_map[4] = 4.13;
    num_map[9] = 9.24;
    num_map[1] = 1.09;
    // Calls num_map.begin() and num_map.end()
    for (auto it = num_map.begin(); it != num_map.end(); ++it)
        std::cout << it->first << ", " << it->second << '\n';
}

输出

1, 1.09
4, 4.13
9, 9.24

使用自定义比较函数的示例

运行此代码

#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
 
struct Point { double x, y; };
 
// Compare the x-coordinates of two Point pointers.
struct PointCmp
{
    bool operator()(const Point* lhs, const Point* rhs) const
    {
        return lhs->x < rhs->x; 
    }
};
 
int main()
{
    // Note that although the x-coordinates are out of order, the
    // map will be iterated through by increasing x-coordinates.
    Point points[3] = {{2, 0}, {1, 0}, {3, 0}};
 
    // mag is a map sending the address of node to its magnitude in the x-y plane.
    // Although the keys are pointers-to-Point, we want to order the map by the
    // x-coordinates of the points and NOT by the addresses of the Points. This
    // is done by using the PointCmp class's comparison method.
    std::map<Point*, double, PointCmp> mag(
        {{points, 2}, {points + 1, 1}, {points + 2, 3}}
    );
 
    // Change each y-coordinate from 0 to the magnitude.
    for (auto iter = mag.begin(); iter != mag.end(); ++iter)
    {
        auto cur = iter->first; // Pointer to Node
        cur->y = mag[cur]; // Could also have used cur->y = iter->second;
    }
 
    // Update and print the magnitude of each node.
    for (auto iter = mag.begin(); iter != mag.end(); ++iter)
    {
        auto cur = iter->first;
        mag[cur] = std::hypot(cur->x, cur->y);
        std::cout << "The magnitude of (" << cur->x << ", " << cur->y << ") is ";
        std::cout << iter->second << '\n';
    }
 
    // Repeat the above with the range-based for loop.
    for (auto i : mag)
    {
        auto cur = i.first;
        cur->y = i.second;
        mag[cur] = std::hypot(cur->x, cur->y);
        std::cout << "The magnitude of (" << cur->x << ", " << cur->y << ") is ";
        std::cout << mag[cur] << '\n';
        // Note that in contrast to std::cout << iter->second << '\n'; above, 
        // std::cout << i.second << '\n'; will NOT print the updated magnitude.
        // If auto &i : mag was used instead, it will print the updated magnitude.
    }
}

输出

The magnitude of (1, 1) is 1.41421
The magnitude of (2, 2) is 2.82843
The magnitude of (3, 3) is 4.24264
The magnitude of (1, 1.41421) is 1.73205
The magnitude of (2, 2.82843) is 3.4641
The magnitude of (3, 4.24264) is 5.19615

另请参见

endcend (C++11)	返回指向容器或数组末尾的迭代器 (公共成员函数)
begincbegin (C++11)(C++14)	返回指向容器或数组开头的迭代器 (函数模板)