std::filesystem::path::replace_extension

 

C++

编译器支持

自由（freestanding）与宿主（hosted）

语言

标准库

标准库头文件

具名要求

特性测试宏 (C++20)

语言支持库

概念库 (C++20)

诊断库

内存管理库

元编程库 (C++11)

通用工具库

容器库

迭代器库

范围库 (C++20)

算法库

字符串库

文本处理库

数值库

日期和时间库

输入/输出库

文件系统库 (C++17)

并发支持库 (C++11)

执行控制库 (C++26)

技术规范

符号索引

外部库

 

文件系统库

类
filesystem::path filesystem::filesystem_error filesystem::directory_entry filesystem::directory_iterator filesystem::recursive_directory_iterator    filesystem::file_status filesystem::space_info	filesystem::file_type filesystem::file_time_type filesystem::perms filesystem::perm_options filesystem::copy_options filesystem::directory_options
函数
filesystem::absolute filesystem::canonicalfilesystem::weakly_canonical filesystem::relativefilesystem::proximate filesystem::copy filesystem::copy_file filesystem::copy_symlink filesystem::create_directory filesystem::create_directories filesystem::create_hard_link filesystem::create_symlink filesystem::create_directory_symlink filesystem::current_path filesystem::temp_directory_path	filesystem::exists filesystem::equivalent filesystem::file_size filesystem::hard_link_count filesystem::last_write_time filesystem::permissions filesystem::read_symlink filesystem::remove filesystem::remove_all filesystem::rename filesystem::resize_file filesystem::space filesystem::status filesystem::symlink_status
文件类型
filesystem::is_block_file filesystem::is_character_file filesystem::is_directory filesystem::is_empty filesystem::status_known	filesystem::is_fifo filesystem::is_other filesystem::is_regular_file filesystem::is_socket filesystem::is_symlink

 

std::filesystem::path

成员类型
成员常量
path::native_formatpath::generic_formatpath::auto_format
成员函数
path::path path::~path path::operator= path::assign path::appendpath::operator/= path::concatpath::operator+= path::clear path::make_preferred path::remove_filename path::replace_filename path::replace_extension    path::swap path::compare path::beginpath::end	path::c_strpath::nativepath::operator string_type path::stringpath::u8stringpath::u16stringpath::u32stringpath::wstring path::generic_stringpath::generic_u8stringpath::generic_u16stringpath::generic_u32stringpath::generic_wstring path::lexically_normalpath::lexically_relativepath::lexically_proximate
路径分解
path::root_name path::root_directory path::root_path path::relative_path path::parent_path path::filename path::stem path::extension path::empty	path::has_root_pathpath::has_root_namepath::has_root_directorypath::has_relative_pathpath::has_parent_pathpath::has_filenamepath::has_stempath::has_extension path::is_absolutepath::is_relative
非成员函数
operator==operator!=operator<operator<=operator>operator>=operator<=> (C++20 前)(C++20 前)(C++20 前)(C++20 前)(C++20 前)(C++20 起)	operator/ operator<<operator>> swap(std::filesystem::path) hash_value u8path
辅助类
hash<std::filesystem::path>	formatter<std::filesystem::path> (C++26)

 

path& replace_extension( const path& replacement = path() );		(C++17 起)

替换扩展名，使用 replacement 指定的扩展名；若使用 replacement 的默认值则移除扩展名。

首先，若此路径拥有 extension()，则从路径名的通用格式视图中移除它。

然后，若 replacement 非空且不以点字符开头，则在路径名的通用格式视图后追加一个点字符。

然后，如同通过 operator+=(replacement) 般，追加 replacement。

参数

replacement

-

用于替换的扩展名

返回值

*this

异常

可能抛出实现定义的异常。

注意

replacement 的类型是 std::filesystem::path，尽管它不意图表示文件系统上的对象，以正确处理文件系统字符编码。

示例

运行此代码

#include <filesystem>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <utility>
 
int main()
{
    const int width1{18}, width2{11}; // columns' width
 
    std::cout << std::left << std::setw(width1) << "Path:"
              << std::setw(width2) << "Ext:" << "Result:\n";
    for (const auto& [p, e] : {
            std::make_pair("/foo/bar.jpg", ".png"),
            {"/foo/bar.jpg", "png"},
            {"/foo/bar.jpg", "."},
            {"/foo/bar.jpg", ""},
            {"/foo/bar.", "png"},
            {"/foo/bar", ".png"},
            {"/foo/bar", "png"},
            {"/foo/bar", "."},
            {"/foo/bar", ""},
            {"/foo/.", ".png"},
            {"/foo/.", "png"},
            {"/foo/.", "."},
            {"/foo/.", ""},
            {"/foo/", ".png"},
            {"/foo/", "png"}})
    {
        std::filesystem::path path{p}, ext{e};
        std::cout << std::setw(width1) << path << std::setw(width2) << ext;
        path.replace_extension(ext);
        std::cout << path << '\n';
    }
}

输出

Path:             Ext:       Result:
"/foo/bar.jpg"    ".png"     "/foo/bar.png"
"/foo/bar.jpg"    "png"      "/foo/bar.png"
"/foo/bar.jpg"    "."        "/foo/bar."
"/foo/bar.jpg"    ""         "/foo/bar"
"/foo/bar."       "png"      "/foo/bar.png"
"/foo/bar"        ".png"     "/foo/bar.png"
"/foo/bar"        "png"      "/foo/bar.png"
"/foo/bar"        "."        "/foo/bar."
"/foo/bar"        ""         "/foo/bar"
"/foo/."          ".png"     "/foo/..png"
"/foo/."          "png"      "/foo/..png"
"/foo/."          "."        "/foo/.."
"/foo/."          ""         "/foo/."
"/foo/"           ".png"     "/foo/.png"
"/foo/"           "png"      "/foo/.png"

参阅

extension	返回文件扩展名路径组件 (公共成员函数)
filename	返回文件名路径组件 (公共成员函数)
stem	返回主文件名路径组件（不带最终扩展名的文件名） (公共成员函数)
has_extension	检查相应路径元素是否不为空 (公开成员函数)